Neurodegeneration: Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons.
Neurodevelopment: Neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism and ADHD, are characterized by impairments in brain development.
Neuromodulation: Neuromodulation techniques, such as deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation, can be used to alter brain activity.